Math Scores At Harmony Creek Middle School Education Essay

This paper is in light of a request to discover if there is a significant contrast in math preliminary tonss that can be credited to strategies for bearing and guidance assignments at Harmony Creek Middle School dependent on ethnicity, financial position and ethnicity. Grades for all students assembled by teacher, sexual orientation, ethnicity and financial situation as controlled by the qualification of the understudy to quantify up for nothing or diminished money related worth tiffin. An Analysis of Variance preliminary ( ANOVA ) was performed on every data subset and when significant contrasts were discovered a station hoc examination using a basic t-test assuming equivalent disparities was utilized to quantify the nearness of any significant distinction in the normal preliminary tonss in math that might be credited to the strategy for bearing and other recorded variables. Do sexual orientation, ethnicity, financial position, strategy for course and teacher assignments altogether influence math tonss at Harmony Creek Middle School?IntroductionHarmony Creek Middle School removal has gotten worried about math preliminary imprint in the course of the last a few mature ages and has analyzed the development of the arrangement trying to go to the situation. Proficient advancement exercises for the three educators ‘ by and by learning math classes have been given and a rebuilding of the guidance methodological investigation has been proposed as a potential answer for the activity. At present two of the math teachers utilize a rules based instructional technique with the third educator using a progressively conventional strategy. This paper will attempt to go to the distinctive guidance strategies alongside sexual orientation, ethnicity, and financial position and in what mode these elements apparently influence the math tonss inside the school. It ought to be noticed that this examination is truly restricted in nature and farther research is called for in this theme. It ought to other than be noticed that with the constrained data accessible and with the strategies for roll uping the insights that there are potential missteps inside the choices. An examination of informations covering a few mature ages would perchance be a superior record of the recognized issues and could deliver various results. At present there is some kindness to normalize the guidance techniques inside the school to gracefully progressively steady bearing of the math plan. Contrasting estimations as to effectiveness of customary guidance techniques versus standards based heading exist. Suppositions to the develop of collection understudies by ethnicity and by capacities inside social gatherings are other than a subject of some dispute to the staff. Surveies appear to suggest that a measures based schoolroom encourages children to determine a superior energy about math and causes the student to go a superior basic brain. Conventional techniques for guidance may deliver better procedural achievements however appears to make little to help understudies go better employment united masterminds. Gathering students by ethnicity and by capacities has other than been appeared to deliver extremely barely any beneficial outcomes and will in general truly increment spreads in perception and achievements. Designating students to teachers of a similar race have non been appeared to hold a significant outcome being investigated tonss. This paper will break down the preliminary tonss of all math students at Harmony Creek Middle School fitting to race, sex, and financial position. Techniques for course will other than be inspected to attempt to discover if customary instructional strategies or standards based techniques are progressively strong. It is guessed that there is no significant distinction in math tonss for students dependent on sexual orientation, financial position or ethnicity. The speculation is other than that there is no connection between instructor task and preliminary tonss dependent on ethnicity.Reappraisal of literaturePast surveies have conjectured that arranged understudies ought to on standard improve and independently should make no less than each piece great. It is other than guessed that a position request could take to expanded rivalry inside the gathering, harder work by people and to higher ramifications for the gathering overall ( Hoffer, 1992 ) . Different components would hope to hol d some bearing on gathering however as it is as often as possible idea that teachers consigned to bring down gathering classifications would hold lower degrees of occupation fulfillment and that the endeavor of these educators would intensify. The gathering of understudies by capacity or social gathering may other than follow in inconsistent allocation of assets, the guidance of inkinesss, for case, would regularly non have indistinguishable quality assets and worries from the guidance of Whites ( Harris, 2008 ) . Understudies in higher assembled classifications are bound to be educated by progressively gifted and spurred educators who might gracefully increasingly interesting bearing. Lower arranged classifications would be given to focus on essential achievements, preliminary preparing and repetition obtaining ( Worthy, 2010 ) . Since lower assembled classifications would travel all the more simple and spread less material the spread in content secured would consistently increment. It is much of the time set forth that capable students are kept down by more slow 1s when all the understudies cooperate in a similar class ( Goodlad ‘s 1984 ) .MethodsTo look at the proficiency of the techniques for course this endeavor utilized the ANOVA preliminary to think about tonss between the students and the three teachers trying to discover if the Direct Instruction strategy or the Standards based Instruction yielded higher tonss. A t-test: two example assuming equivalent inconsistencies was utiliz ed as a station hoc investigation when the ANOVA preliminary showed that there were significant contrasts in the examination informations subsets. Accepting an arbitrary task of students to the three educators this examination should give results that will let for a seeing as made regarding the Method of Instruction that would see the most noteworthy math tonss for the understudies. A 95 % affirmation degree was utilized to table the results of this examination. The dataset contains tonss from 216 understudies. Understudies were relegated to classifications apparently without regard to ethnicity, capacity, sex or financial situation as every class contained students stand foring each factor. 71 understudies were educated by Ms. Ruger using a Direct Direction or customary strategy for heading. 145 students were educated by Ms. Smith and Ms. Wesson who both utilize a Standards Based technique for course. The examination of the data was utilized to occur if there was an immediate tie between the Method of Instruction and the math tonss. A t-test: two example assuming equivalent inconsistencies was utilized to look at the tonss for the Direct and the Standards based instructional strategies. The data was other than used to think about the preliminary tonss by elements of ethnicity, sexual orientation and financial position being educated using direct instructional technique versus Standards based bearing strategies. A t-test: two example assuming equivalent inconsistencies was utilized here other than for looking at of the tonss.Consequences and Analysis71 understudies were relegated to Ms. Ruger ( direct course technique ) . 69 students were allocated to Ms. Smith and 76 to Ms. Wesson ( models based technique ) . Understudies instructed using the immediate technique had a normal characteristic of 55.2 and the mean for students in measures based classes was 70.17. The purposeful T Stat for this looking at was 6.94 and the basic worth was 1.97. The T Stat being a lot bigger than the basic worth takes into account the dismissal of the void speculation and permits us to assume that there is a significant contrast in the effectivity of the two techniques for course with the Standards based strategy following in higher math tonss. Male students make up 56 % of the populace for this examination. 39 guys were doled out to coordinate course schoolrooms and 81 were appointed to classes using a rules based strategy. The mean for direct bearing students ( male ) was 53.30 and the mean for measures based understudies ( male ) was 68.20. A t Test gave us a purposeful T Stat of 5.13 and a t basic estimation of 1.98. Since the T Stat is bigger than the t Critical we can dismiss the void theory and happen that there is a significant contrast of the tonss of male students direct way schoolrooms and those instructed in rules based schoolroom with the immediate course technique giving higher tonss. Female understudies make up 44 % of the populace. 32 females were doled out to schoolrooms using an immediate bearing strategy and 64 were appointed to rules based technique classifications. The mean for females educated using the immediate course technique was 57.65. The mean for females instructed using the models based strategy was 72.65. An intentional T Stat of 4.78 and a t Critical estimation of 1.98 would let for the dismissal of the void speculation as the T Stat is bigger than the t Critical worth. Dismissing the nothing for this situation would let us to find that the math tonss of females instructed using the standards based bearing technique were higher than those of females educated using the immediate course strategy. Asiatic understudies make up 24 % of the number of inhabitants in students. The figure of Asiatic students educated under the immediate bearing technique was 17 and the figure of Asiatic understudies instructed under the standards based strategy was 36. A t Trial: two followed assuming equivalent errors brought about a mean of 53.70 for Asiatic students relegated to teachers using an immediate course strategy and 71.36 for those Asiatic understudies doled out to educators using standards based strategies. A conscious T Stat of 3.76 and a t Critical estimation of 2.00. The estimation of the T Stat being bigger that the T Critical worth takes into consideration the dismissal of the void speculation and prompts the choice that inside the Asiatic subpopulation those understudies educated using the rules based strategy for bearing scored higher in math than those Asiatic students instructed using the immediate course technique.

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation - Essay Example For consistently he hangs tight by the side for a clinical group, his odds for endurance gets thin and his odds of having a typical existence, on the off chance that he recoups, blur away (American Health Association, 2007). The proposition straightforwardly reacts to the call by VHA Health Foundation ventures identified with emergency clinic readiness. It requires a crisis method that specialists need performed on patients to permit CVD casualties to arrive at clinics still alive and relaxing. It follows the typical progression of proposition, beginning with acquaintance and system with spending arrangements and determination (Hale, Phale D., 1999). The spending subtleties the undertaking cost of the whole venture, evaluating costs from the time the idea started to the time it is finished. There perhaps other accidental costs that may simply occur over the span of the venture, however these startling costs ought to be viewed as pretty much in the undertaking itself (Volunteering Queensland, 2007). The end sums up what the proposition needs to extend, featuring its urgent parts to persuade contributors to give subsidizing. I think the proposition has a decent potential for success of being supported, however like most different recommendations it is totally conceivable that it is additionally dismissed. At the point when that case occurs, I have to examine my proposition some more and det

Essential Barcelona Tourist Information Assignment

Fundamental Barcelona Tourist Information - Assignment Example As indicated by the exploration discoveries, Barcelona has got everything that makes an ideal occasion. Barcelona has an exceptionally satisfying and agreeable climate consistently. Be that as it may, the most great climate of Barcelona is during the long periods of May till July making this time the most engaging time for a voyage through the superb city. September is likewise truly pleasant however August is typically hot and soggy. It is a month which is commonly satisfying to those individuals who love to tan themselves by investing an amazing energy in the sea shore. Every one of those individuals who visit Barcelona in August are constantly encouraged to get lodgings with cooling frameworks. The satisfying climate of Barcelona is as yet kept up during the long stretches of October and November yet the temperature begins falling and the climate begins to get chillier. The daylight can't be watched regular and individuals get readied for a slight precipitation. The winter sets in toward the finish of November and from November till the finish of February the temperature drops and the climate gets cold. It doesn't rain much in Barcelona throughout the winter so for the most part individuals get the chance to see the bright days. Various painters and specialists have lived and worked in Barcelona at once or the other and you can in any case see their influence unmistakably all through the city. Two of the most renowned are Miro and Picasso who have exhibition halls designated to their most significant works. This is simply not it. Barcelona has additionally got numerous different historical centers and craftsmanship displays all through the city so you have numerous creative and social spots to visit while you are in Barcelona. Barcelona had in excess of 55 historical centers and craftsmanship exhibitions that are committed on the subjects, for example, sports, workmanship, history, war, science, oceanic and design. Not many of the most popular exhibition hal ls and workmanship displays situated in Barcelona for touring are Maritime Museum, Barcelona Center of Contemporary Culture, La Pedrera, The Dali Museum-In Figueres and Camp Nou.

Clown Essay Example For Students

Comedian Essay Comedian an entertainer, for the most part in a carnival, who acts dumb, performs viable jokes, and does stunts to make individuals chuckle. Different names for comedians are bozo, entertainer, fool, sorcerer, mirthmaker, tumbler, gleeman, emulate, on-screen character, harlequin,merry advisor, comic, and puppeteer. Despite the fact that there are numerous sorts of jokesters, each comedian builds up a face, which means a character. A jokesters face, once made, turns into the comedians one of a kind individual property. Whiteface The most established sort of jokester is the whiteface, which goes back to the eighteenth century. The white shade of the face was first finished with flour. White lead supplanted flour, yet during the 1880s, when lead was found to be noxious, more secure greasepaints were found. Thewhiteface jokester developed from before whiteface showy performers. One of the most well known whiteface charactersin history is Harlequin, a comic character in the Italian performance center structure commedia dellarte. English on-screen character John Rich, who acted in the early and mid-eighteenth century, was the most renowned Harlequin of his time. After the mid-eighteenth century, the comedian bit by bit supplanted the Harlequin character. English performer Joseph Grimaldi assumed an instrumental job in this move. Still today you can discover jokesters which will do the whitefaced demonstration however you would need to look along approach to discover anything additionally the whitefaced comedian doesn't utilize the oil paint the utilization a sort of make-up which is thick and exceptionally wealthy in shading and you can think that its everything over the spot. CharacterIIn the mid twentieth century a third class of portrayal created from the purported cover jokester, who performed short, solo schedules between bazaar acts. These character jokesters, as they are known today, incorporate any comedian who has a one of a kind everyday practice and who for the most part works alone or without an accomplice in a huge gathering. The character comedian is the most reasonable of the jokester types. Character jokesters ridicule various highlights of the human face through misrepresentation, including facial hair, stubbles, moles, huge noses, bare heads, and bizarre hair styles. The most mainstream character is the vagrant or tramp jokester, which is presumably the main comedian type initially created in the United States. The advancement of the tramp comedian, in any case, owes quite a bit of its motivation to English entertainer Charlie Chaplin. During his profession, Chaplin filled the role of the Little Tramp in many films. Two different popular tramp jokesters are Otto Griebling and Emmett Kelly, dear companions who acted in the early and mid-twentieth century. Griebling built up the everyday practice of slamming tin pie plates together and pitting the crowd on one side of a bazaar tent against the crowd on the other in a challenge of shouts and praise. Numerous bazaar jokesters despite everything utilize this standard today as a method of heating up a group of people before a show. Kelly is presumably the most popular of the tramp jokesters. While filling in as a youthful sketch craftsman, he made his well known Weary Willie as an animation character. Willie was a little homeless person, who wearing grimy clothes and a worn out cap and was down on his karma. Auguste Another kind of comedian is auguste, which created in the mid-nineteenth century. One of the more well known auguste comedians was an American named Tom Belling. 1864 out of an European presentation, Belling, (a gymnastic performer and horseback rider) scroung ed through an outfit trunk, searching for another comic character. Wearing a destroyed coat, an old wig on his head in reverse, and red oil paint on his nose, he was accidently driven into the ring by the bazaar proprietor. New to his new ensemble, Belling stumbled over his own jacket and fell all over in the middle ring. The individuals who seen thisyeelled out August!, German for a moronic, blundering fool. The auguste jokester wears a bulbous red nose, oversize shoes, wigs which are splendid hues, and huge clthes that normally never coordinated. They uaully leave the vast majority of there normal skin shading appearing or utilize a pink or red cosmetics rather than the white.There face was usally attracted on to assist them with giving some outward appearance. The auguste jokester will lurch, slap each other around, and is generally ridiculed. Lou Jacobs, the most celebrated American auguste comedian, used to paint enormous white fixes around his eyes. His uncovered head was mold ed like a cone, with red hair around the ear. Jacobs likewise wore a red elastic ball nose. He resigned in 1988 at 84 years old. Two of Americas most acclaimed comedian characters additionally fit into the auguste class: Ronald McDonald, which is the Mcdonalds benefit creator of youthful childreb and old, and Bozo who currently claims his own Tv appear with many oter jokesters. He depended on the twentieth century Italian comedian Albert Fratellini. .ud7f6044f9306f6ec0386952b23220d82 , .ud7f6044f9306f6ec0386952b23220d82 .postImageUrl , .ud7f6044f9306f6ec0386952b23220d82 .focused content territory { min-stature: 80px; position: relative; } .ud7f6044f9306f6ec0386952b23220d82 , .ud7f6044f9306f6ec0386952b23220d82:hover , .ud7f6044f9306f6ec0386952b23220d82:visited , .ud7f6044f9306f6ec0386952b23220d82:active { border:0!important; } .ud7f6044f9306f6ec0386952b23220d82 .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .ud7f6044f9306f6ec0386952b23220d82 { show: square; change: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-progress: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; murkiness: 1; progress: haziness 250ms; webkit-change: mistiness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .ud7f6044f9306f6ec0386952b23220d82:active , .ud7f6044f9306f6ec0386952b23220d82:hover { obscurity: 1; progress: darkness 250ms; webkit-change: murkiness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .ud7f6044f9306f6ec0386952b23220d82 .focused content region { width: 100%; position: rela tive; } .ud7f6044f9306f6ec0386952b23220d82 .ctaText { outskirt base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: striking; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; content enrichment: underline; } .ud7f6044f9306f6ec0386952b23220d82 .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; text style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .ud7f6044f9306f6ec0386952b23220d82 .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; fringe: none; outskirt sweep: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; textual style weight: intense; line-tallness: 26px; moz-outskirt span: 3px; content adjust: focus; content enhancement: none; content shadow: none; width: 80px; min-stature: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/basic arrow.png)no-rehash; position: supreme; right: 0; top: 0; } .ud7f6044f9306f6ec0386952b23220d82:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .ud7f6044f9 306f6ec0386952b23220d82 .focused content { show: table; stature: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .ud7f6044f9306f6ec0386952b23220d82-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .ud7f6044f9306f6ec0386952b23220d82:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Master of the Flies Expository EssayNew Vaudeville Modern, or new vaudeville, comedians are jokesters who have gotten some distance from conventional jokester acts. As a rule, the new vaudevillian jokester works alone, ordinarily without cosmetics. The new vaudeville jokester looks to relate with crowd individuals instead of perform for them. A portion of the new vaudeville jokesters perform with bazaars, while others in theaters. Be that as it may, their schedules depend on playing. A case of another vaudeville entertainers incorporate the Bill Irwin from the get-go in his new profession Irwin was named Willy .a whiteface jokester. He doesnt wear cosmetics any longer rather, he utilizes his outward appearances to show is satire to individuals rather than through the visual. Jokester College Clowning is a method which must be educated over a couple of years they consider it the specialty of fooling it sounds senseless yet playing is an intense activity it begins with the manner in which you look right down to the manner in which you sound. With the fit jokesters there was no school or universities and it was additionally on the off chance that you werent amusing the first occasion when you never will be. Be that as it may, realize it is a calling for a great deal of peole and in the event that you become sufficient you ca n have an exceptionally huge benefit. Additionally with the comedian school there is more than one sort of jokester, for example, a rodeo comedian. He should go to class for generally three years which will pay great since it is a high hazard work.

TSiBA Education Trust Oxford Brookes Research Assignment - 2475 Words

TSiBA Education Trust Oxford Brookes Research Assignment (Essay Sample) Content: TSiBA EDUCATION TRUSTNameCourseProfessorUniversityCityDate Executive SummaryEducation in most African countries is challenging due to the high levels of poverty. Various scholars have joined hand in an attempt to provide affordable education that will permit all skilled youths to attain adequate knowledge. TSiBA is one of the tertiary schools started in South Africa to support the youths to gain skills that will help them attain knowledge to alleviate poverty. Donors such as the UK Trust Fund assist other well-wishers to provide resources that help improve provision of education. Various options of raising funds can be applied to provide funds for the school. The options include crowd funding through donations and projects as well as through microfinance. Each of the method has its risks which the college should plan how to mitigate to ensure success. TSIBA EDUCATION TRUST The Tertiary School in Business Administration (TSiBA) was founded in 2004. TSiBA Education is a foundation started to support youths from financially unstable families to develop their education. It is a non-profit organization which focuses mainly on business studies. The aim of this foundation is to ensure quality education to the youths who use the skills gained for the development of the country. It is located in South Africa and registered by the department of teaching. The reason behind the setting is that the poverty levels as per 2009 were as high as 58% and thus requires intervention from donors (van der Bank and Nkadimeng 2014). Its registration shows that it is a private higher education institution. It has two campuses in South Africa which serve approximately five hundred students. The campuses are the urban school in Pinelands and the TSiBA Eden in Karatara. As a non-profit organization, the Foundation depends on donations such as crowd funding for donations and oprojects or microfinance for its projects.History of TSiBA The school was first founded in 2004 and registered under the company laws. The first four founders, Adri Marais, Graham Lashbrooke, Gia Whitehead and Leigh Meinert, spent the largest part of 2004 planning on how the school would be started to support the less privileged in advancing their education. The first students were admitted in 2005, and the school was located in Mowbray Cape Town. TSiBA Education Trust begun in 2006 as a way of receiving donations that would help sustain the school. It would, also, help build long-term goals for the school. Another campus in Karatara was known as the Eden Campus (Tsiba.ac.za n.d.). One of the first students to graduate from the school won the Mandela Rhodes Scholarship to further his studies. The Ignition Centre started in 2007 when one of the founders, Peter Kraan, started to mentor entrepreneurs. Further, as the school grew, more students achieved scholarship positions. For instance, in 2009, two graduates were awarded the Mandela Rhodes Scholarship. In 2010, the school started to offer a bachelor of business administration after their higher certificate business administration (HCBA) certificate was accredited. More students enrolled for the course as donors increased following accreditation. Besides, the school offered more classes in 2011 such as the certificate in practical business administration (Stokes, Wilson and Mador 2010). In particular, it was offered under further education and training level program. In 2012, the students launched their first book, and on the same year, the number of students to receive the Mandela Rhodes Scholarship rose to five. As the college developed, it partnered with other schools such as Ekasi Entrepreneurship Academy that offered township entrepreneur training (Tsiba.ac.za n.d.). The college celebrated ten successful years with additional Mandela Rhodes Scholarship winners and Kofi Annan Scholarships for its graduate students to further their studies. The college developed further as the years progressed. Enden Cam pus won the Gold Impumelelo Award due to its impact on rural development. Further, TSiBa won the Mail and Guardian award of investing in the Future Youth Development. The awards increased in 2015 after the Eden campus won the Bronze Ministerial Youth Excellence Award. The school became global in 2015 by registering as a charity in the USA (Tsiba.ac.za n.d.). The creation of the UK Trust and Swiss Verein were the accelerators of the attaining global class. Through the UK Trust, the college receives adequate donations to ease its working. Some of the options to achieving the financial status include the crowd funding for donation and project, commercial sponsorship as part of corporate social responsibility undertakings, microfinance for TSiBA, and ethical investment co-operative.Crowd Funding for Donations As a non-profit making organization, TSiBA requires means to look for the financing through global partners and its supporters. One of the primary methods of collecting funds is th rough crowd funding where the organizers look for several funders to contribute a large amount of money in small bits. Mollick (2014) writes that crowd funding allows the founders to seek money from several people who in return benefit from future products or services. TSiBA students do not pay any money to the school but provide their services to the community. Similarly, the community is asked to contribute towards the funding of the college so that the youths can gain skills such as entrepreneurship which could further assist them in setting businesses. Thus, benefiting the society as a whole through readily available products. One of the projects used for crowd funding will be assessed to determine the reliability of crowd funding as a means of funding TSiBA Education. The Just Giving project through the UK Trust Fund allows many donors to give an unlimited amount of money to support education. Other projects backed by Just Giving are successful. The projects include supporting medical services for the sick who require a significant sum of money. Most of them have been successful, and it gives hope that the site can be used for crowd funding TSiBA Education through...

Compaing Hip Hop and Rock Music - Free Essay Example

Lady Gaga does a great job of explaining that music is one of the best ways for people of different backgrounds to connect. No matter what genre of music somebody listens to, they can be sure to find others who also love the same type of music they do. Some genres of music even blend into each other with their similarities and differences. Two genres like this are hip hop and rock music. Hip hop music and rock music have many similarities in their origins but have evolved to have many differences as well. Differencebetween.net explains that rap started in the 1970s, right out of New York. The genre focused on societal issues. It was mainly performed by African American artists. Stuart A. Kallen notes that rock and roll began with the baby boomers when they were teenagers, and it quickly became the fastest-growing form of music and absolutely changed society (8). Rock and roll focused on creating a divide, which removed its audience from everyone else. This was called the generation gap. It was provocative and pushed specific social behaviors, which was often viewed as disrespectful, thus creating a divide between generation, but a connection between the baby boomers (8). This was very different from hip hop music because hip hop was meant to unite different classes and generations through talking about the same societal struggles, while rock and rolls focus was the divide. Rock and roll was also different from hip hop because of how the music was made. Stuart A. Kallen mentions that rock and rolls main component is rhythm with a compelling beat. Its origins were in music from African tribes hundreds of years ago. African tribal music inspired the back-beats and call and response vocals, which are very popular in rock and roll. This evolved into blues, which was about bias and struggle, which also incorporated rock and roll (11). Hip hop music and rock music have many similarities in their origins but have evolved to have many differences as well. Hip hop began in the late nineties, after rock and roll became popularized in the fifties and sixties. The culture surrounding the genres are also unlike in the ways that one is about a generational gap and the other is about uniting an entire group of people. However, there are many similarities in these genres as well. Such as writing songs about struggles people were facing.

Cause And Effect Of Tornado Essay - 1834 Words

Tornadoes What is a tornado? A tornado is a violent rotating column of air extending from a thunderstorm to the ground. The most violent tornadoes are capable of tremendous destruction with wind speeds of up to 300 mph. They can destroy large buildings, uproot trees and hurl vehicles hundreds of yards. They can also drive straw into trees. Damage paths can be in excess of one mile wide to 50 miles long. In an average year, 1000 tornadoes are reported nationwide. Tornado How do tornadoes form? Most tornadoes form from thunderstorms. You need warm, moist air from the Gulf of Mexico and cool, dry air from Canada. When these two air masses meet, they create instability in the atmosphere. A change in wind direction and an increase in wind speed with increasing height creates an invisible, horizontal spinning effect in the lower atmosphere. Rising air within the updraft tilts the rotating air from horizontal to vertical. An area of rotation, 2-6 miles wide, now extends through much of the storm. Most strong and violent tornadoes form within this area of strong rotation. Tornado Formation Tornado Formation Tornado Formation Click Here to learn more about tornadoes from NOAA. What are some other factors for tornadoes to form? Several conditions are required for the development of tornadoes and the thunderstorm clouds with which most tornadoes are associated. Abundant low level moisture is necessary to contribute to the development of a thunderstorm, and a triggerShow MoreRelatedCause And Effect Of A Tornado1118 Words   |  5 Pages A tornado is a viscous and possibly deadly occurrence in our weather that can happen at any time or any place around the world with almost no warning. I reside in the panhandle of Florida where we have hurricanes and tornadoes. Weather forecasters can give people enough warning that they can prepare and/or leave in the event of a hurricane, however a tornado is much different. Hurricanes present favorable weather conditions for tornadoes, as well as normal, everyday, rainy weather patternsRead MoreCause and Effect of Tornadoes923 Words   |  4 PagesWHAT CAUSES A TORNADO AND THE EFFECT THEY HAVE What causes a tornado and the effect they have J.D. Busby Jr American Intercontinental University September 12, 2010 WHAT CAUSES A TORNADO AND THE EFFECT THEY HAVE ABSTRACT Reading this paper will give you a better understanding of what causes a tornado and the shear destructive power of tornadoes. It will also touch on some of the safety precaution involved in a tornado from sirens to getting to safety. So what does cause a tornado and theRead MoreEssay on Violent Tornatoes and Destruction1125 Words   |  5 PagesA tornado is a violently rotating column extending from a thunderstorm to the ground. The most violent tornadoes are capable of tremendous destruction with wind speeds of two hundred and fifty miles per hour and even more. A tornado is formed when warm air shoots upward meeting colder, dryer air. Since warm air is lighter than cold air this makes a strong air current inside the thunderstorm. As the warm air rises it meets different air currents going at different directions. With the right speedRead MoreThe strongest winds on this planet occur inside the tornadoes. Not all whirlpools in the†¨atmosphere1300 Words   |  6 Pagespirouett ing across desert†¨sands under clear skies, are not tornadoes. The definition of a tornado†¨involves a vortex extending from†¨a thunderstorm and touching the ground. In†¨tornado construction, the wind speed, humidity, †¨temperature, and pressure arrange an unusually violent event that is always alluring and sometimes deadly. About 750 tornadoes strike the United States each year. †¨Wind speeds in a tornado vortex are difficult to measure directly. Early efforts used video footage of debris carriedRead MoreEffects Of The Sauk Rapids Tornado1650 Words   |  7 Pagesout after a tornado had struck the city. The whole city was left in complete devastation. Natural disasters have always interested me, specifically tornadoes. Something about tornadoes, whether it’d be how they form or how they acquire their power to cause great destruction, interests me to learn more about tornadoes. This led me to research about tornadoes in Minnesota. As I began surfing the internet about tornadoes that occurred in Minnesota, I came across the effects that each tornado had causedRead MoreOklahoma Tornadoes and Their Destructive Ways Essay1429 W ords   |  6 Pagesmake on climate and the formation of the land or is it because tornadoes often leave behind a path of destruction and deaths? In this paper, I will discuss what tornadoes are and how they form, what different forms of tornadoes there are, what tornado watches and warning are and give examples of tornadoes in Oklahoma and what destruction they caused, also while providing information about the Doppler radar. The questions often asked is; what are tornadoes and how do they form? Tornadoes are â€Å"violentRead MoreHow Tornadoes Are Important?1714 Words   |  7 Pagesto inform people on the importance and demographics of tornadoes. While doing research I discovered that a tornado is a narrow, rotating column of air which rotates violently and extends from the bottom of a thunderstorm to the ground (NOAA, 2014). The winds are so violent that they can destroy entire houses and buildings. You cannot see wind, sometimes this makes it impossible to see a tornado because they are started from wind. They become visible when they form a condensation funnel from water dropletsRead MoreThe Silence Before The Storm1658 Words   |  7 Pagesthe weather. I turned the TV on to the news station and he and I decided together we were safe; that the storm was heading north of us, so we hung up and I started back to what I was doing. Then my mom called and said, ‘Do you know you are under a tornado warning?’ I said, ‘Really? No,’ and then the sir ens started going off. I hung up and took the girls to the bathtub and sat down. The sirens quit going off so we got out of the bathroom and started to resume our evening. When looking out my frontRead MoreTornadoes : Formation, Classification, And Warnings Essay1225 Words   |  5 Pagesrisks of injury and death. The formation of a tornado has several factors and is a complex system. The Fujita scale is what is used to classify and categorize tornadoes. Tornadoes can be very dangerous, however, knowing the cause, how they are classified, and what precautions to take can drastically reduce the risk of injury. The cause of tornadoes has several factors including formation and weather conditions. First off, the development of a tornado starts off as a thunderstorm. A thunderstorm isRead MoreNatural Disaster Effects1137 Words   |  5 Pageslost are all effects from the aftermath of natural disasters such as hurricanes, tornadoes, and even wildfires. Since the beginning of 2017, all of these events have been occurring more frequently around the world including the united states, but after these disasters happen in what seems like a speed of light, what happens after? One minute a person is at their job, the next moving their lives to a different city because their homes and belongings have been destroyed. The effects of these

A Polar And Schizophreni Analyzing The Misinformation...

Bi-Polar and Schizophrenia; Analyzing the Misinformation About Mental Illness in the Media and Movies Sarah Jabro Abnormal Psychology 336 October 1st, 2015 Clinical diagnoses of Bipolar disorder, (BP) and schizophrenia (SCH) symptoms that are related to mental illness have increased dramatically within the last several years, and treatment is becoming more specialized. But, unless you study these disorders, or have some degree in psychology, the basis of your knowledge of these disorders comes from media, movies and newspapers. Mass media is the public’s primary source for information so when they decide to present breaking news about some criminal felon who reportedly suffers from mental disorders such as†¦show more content†¦So, why is it the general public is totally shocked when they come to find out that their favorite celebrity commits suicide? Suddenly, in these situations, we find out how little we actually understand about BP and SCH. Drastic events that happen in real life, trigger a sudden interest in a deeper comprehension about BP and SCH. We still must remain vigilant, however, of which media sources we lea rn from. News stories about celebrity tragedies are often dramatized and turn their attention to the reaction and effects of a tragedy rather than the underlying cause. Stereotypes seem to be everywhere especially when it comes to race and gender, but for everyone suffering from a mental illness, they are never one in the same. Some of these stereotypes include falsehoods that people who suffer from mental disorders look different than others. People diagnosed with Schizophrenia are said to look unkempt, as portrayed in video games, TV shows and movies, have the frumpy hair, rumpled clothes, crazy eyes and lack of care for themselves. According to US News, most people who have mental disorders have routines just as anyone else. They get up, shower, eat, and go to work yet have to do so with either their diagnosis, or treatment from a psychiatrist. (Fawcett, 2015) A homeless person suffering from mental illness such as schizophrenia or bi-polar

Writers Reflection Essay - 1463 Words

English Writing Reflection. English has always been one of my favorite subjects along with writing. At a young age I remember always writing childish stories, and comic books. In second grade I even won a writers competition. Writing has always been a part of my life. I keep a journal to write important events happening in my life and I like to write poems as well. However, during my high school years writing essays became more complex. For some reason I couldn’t seem to fully understand the different techniques you need in order to write a successful essay. English 49 being my first English college class was at first a bit overwhelming. I felt somewhat intimidated. I thought I didn’t had thev enough†¦show more content†¦As in my whole process essay where I wrote â€Å"I felt sad, upset and depress that I had to go trough such an odyssey so I could just go to school. I felt bad that my mom had to drive me to school in such bad circumstances. I felt different from everyone else.† I didn’t provide a concrete example of a particular time in my life on why I felt all those emotions I was going trough. So when I revised and edited my essay I decided to add an example like, â€Å"For example, there was the time when I was invited to a party my whole English class went to. I wasn’t able to go. I was already too tired from the long week I had crossing the border back and forth, and I didn’t have a reliable ride that could take me home. At school everybody seemed to be talking about it. I felt like an outsider. I didn’t have many things in common with them anymore, because I didn’t hang out with them outside school.† This time I gave a specific event where a circumstance that I went trough led to the emotions and feelings I felt. Rodriguez 4 Another example that showed my deficiency in providing additional information is in my argumentative essay. For instance, I wrote â€Å" Even though there’s antibiotics in the feed the bacteria creates resistance.† I failed to explain how it might impact the health of the consumers. Therefore, when I revised my essay and noticed I wasn’t providing an explanation I chose to do so by elaborating more. ForShow MoreRelatedThe Reflection Of Ivy As A Writer1001 Words   |  5 PagesReflection of Ivy as a Writer As a writer, I develop more every time I step foot into the classroom. Over the years of learning how to write, I was not always confident. In fact, as of this current year of 2015 I am the most confident as a writer than I have ever been. This year I began college, where I am taking English 1101 with Professor Ricky Weaver. I have learned many different writing strategies in this class, ways to brainstorm, grammar rules, tips to avoid writers block, and so much moreRead MoreReflection Of Freedom Writers852 Words   |  4 PagesIn the movie, â€Å"Freedom Writers,† a teacher, Mrs. Gruwell, starts teaching in 1994 at Woodrow Wilson High School in Long Beach, California. She was a kindly teacher, and honestly. She wears a nice dress, and she looks like has a rich family. In fact, she was a volunteer to be a teacher that high school. When she started the teach, she saw her students divided racial lines. She was faced with a big challenge when a group of freshmen students did not respect her. They were students who nobody paidRead MoreReflection Of The Freedom Writers886 Words   |  4 PagesThe Freedom Writers Diary is a captivating story of the life of students living in Long Beach, California, and simultaneously an important achievement to those responsible for its creation. It recounts the experiences of teenaged students, and presents them in a way that, to many, is surprisingly relatable. Despite the obvious major differences that their stories have to others, they describe a similar basic concept or struggle that many have also undergone. Even so, the story does not seem entirelyRead More Discuss the poems Death of a Naturalist and Personal Helicon by1249 Words   |  5 Pagesnaturally curious and interested about the things in life that they are unaware and unsure of; in the case of death of a naturalist it is the aspects of nature, frogs, which, to him were just the mammy and daddy frogs merely harmless creatures. The writer conveys that he took frogspawn from the pond, the frogs substantial home. The result of him sealing the frogspawn causes Heaney to suffer a guilty conscience, almost as if the frogs are coming to get him for taking their children, his realityRead MoreReflection On My Views Of Feminism860 Words   |  4 PagesReflection does not come naturally to me. Full time work and school makes it a challenge to stop and reflect. However, I think it’s important to do, as it reminds me how vital it can be for growth and development in all aspects of life. Reflecting on my views of feminism consciously is a first for me, however, I now realize it’s something I’ve contemplated on a subconscious level. The first article I reviewed spoke, interestingly, from a male perspective in support of feminism for his own self establishmentRead MoreWhy I Am A Doctor1334 Words   |  6 Pages you can analyze what was effective, what you should continue to do, or what you should avoid. For example, an aspect of the fourth project, â€Å"Infographic,† was a reflection. I noted that, â€Å"Looking at these choices, I believe that they were effective because they all helped to portray my message† (2). This demonstrates how the reflection forced me to analyze my work, and decide what choices I made that were beneficial, and which were not beneficial. Before this course, I would typically never reflectRead MoreReflection On Simkin Et Al899 Words   |  4 PagesCOMM 105-003 Assignment #1 – Reflection on Simkin et al.’s Study For more than the past 30 years, study after study has indicated that graduating university students in America greatly lack the necessary writing skills to flourish in the workplace. In their 2012 paper â€Å"Student perceptions of their writing skills,† Simkin et al. outlined a variety of possible explanations for these troubling findings. They, however, chose to explore two of the many possible reasons for this rising writing problem:Read MoreThe Significance Of Writing Of The Career Field Of Nursing884 Words   |  4 Pagesin the field and career guidebooks suggest that if a person is interested in this career path, he or she should be able to write clear and effective. He or she also should be able write professionally, the way something is written is a reflection on the type of writer he or she is. In nursing, a great deal of writing is read by many healthcare professionals, such as, doctors, lawyers, therapists, psychologists, and psychiatrists. If there is confusion in the document, the point may not get across.Read More`` Shitty First Drafts `` By Anne Lamott1079 Words   |  5 Pagesargument to eliminate the understanding that writers create a masterpiece on their first drafts. The first draft is simply the first attempt that writers create to turn their thoughts into a final paper. Lamott tries to convince the â€Å"uninitiated† that everyone writes â€Å"shitty first drafts† and often times, positive outcomes come from those first attempts. One of the biggest obstacle in writing is the fear of creating terrible paper and many writers do not realize that this is actually the mostRead More Reflection in Iris Murdochs Under the Net2313 Words   |  10 PagesReflection in Iris Murdochs Under the Net  Ã‚   In her novel Under the Net, Iris Murdoch examines the nature of reality through the thoughts and relationships of the novels main character, Jake Donaghue. A recurring theme in the novel is the idea of reflection, in both senses of the word: Jake is continually thinking about ideas, and he is also forever trying to see himself as he really is. Many of the instances of reflection in the novel occur near rivers or are connected in some way to currents

Non Violent Values And Peaceful Powers Essay - 1679 Words

Non-violent values and peaceful powers must be the pursued alternative, because the previously believed myth of the honorable and noble wars is reduced to a lie. It is obvious that Struk uses many quotations by soldiers in her book to prove this through narrating their experience of war. For example, one of the veterans who came back from Iraq comments on his experience in 2005: War is not about respect, war is about surviving and winning ... so if it bugs you that a soldier would kill an injured enemy, then you my friend have no concept of what war is ... Years later when this war is over, the pics [pictures] our guys have taken will turn from â€Å"trophys† to memories ... we are nasty, brutal soldiers, and I am Very proud of that ... And when I left the army I was ... a more well rounded and mature human. (164) Since the pictures of World War I to the pictures taken at Abu Gharib and even after, soldiers have been seen humiliating their victims. For instance, in World War II, some of the pictures show soldiers beside the dangling corpses and smiling for the camera. The pictures prove that war allows men to abuse, beat, choke, burn, make people miserable and generally do anything that man’s evil genius is capable of inventing to others who are under their control (STRUK 145). Shockingly, in some cases, they seemed to enjoy what they were doing. One of soldiers says about war, it is a game. It becomes the exciting moment of the day. You’re bored ... You play it like a videoShow MoreRelatedComparison on Malcolm X and Martin Luther King Jr.: Who Had More Influence over the Civil Rights Movement1233 Words   |  5 Pagesgaining freedom. While King believed a peaceful means would allow the blacks to achieve equality with the white Americans, Malcolm X took a more pessimistic approa ch. He believed achieving equality was nearly impossible and preached a more separatist doctrine. The mens later beliefs were formed in their youth. King was raised in a middle-class home where his parents knew the value of a good education. The environment was one filled with dreams, love and strong values where he could grow and mature withRead MoreComparison of Malcolm X and Martin Luther King Jr. in the Civil Rights Movement1214 Words   |  5 Pagesgaining freedom. While King believed a peaceful means would allow the blacks to achieve equality with the white Americans, Malcolm X took a more pessimistic approach. He believed achieving equality was nearly impossible and preached a more separatist doctrine. Each mans beliefs were formed in their youth. King was raised in a middle-class home where his parents knew the value of a good education. The environment was one filled with dreams, love and strong values where he could grow and mature withRead MoreA Brief Note On Poland s Solidarity Movement885 Words   |  4 Pagesthroughout these countries. Poland, the Philippines, Chile, South Africa, Ukraine and China were all apart of these non-violent overthrows of various dictatorships. Each region endured various types of discrimination and exploitation throughout the Cold Wars end. Whether it was economic exploitation, political discrimination, or the violation of human and civil rights, non-violent revolutions rose throughout Eastern Europe. The book, 1989 Democratic Revolutions at the Cold War’s End, written by PadriacRead MoreAung San Suu Kyi: Activist and Political Leader935 Words   |  4 Pagesslaughter of protesters rallying against the brutal rule of their dictator, U Ne Win. The army used brutal methods to suppress the protesters. On August 8, 1988 soldiers shot protesters at a peaceful demonstration, which resulted in a death toll that exceeded three thousand people. Although thousands of peaceful protesters were killed, the military crackdown in Burma was barely covered by the world press. The time after the protest created a pivotal moment for Suu Kyi. On August 26, 1988 Aung SanRead MoreMahatma Gandhi And Osama Bin Laden Essay1637 Words   |  7 PagesMahatma Gandhi and Osama Bin Laden. They both greatly influenced and affected the world based on actions they took because of their religious beliefs. One practiced Ahimsa, who preached non-violence, and the other one Jihad, who fought a war with non-believers. But which of their two messages was more successful; non-violence or violence? Not successful in regards to humanity or morals, but in influence, leadership, and how long their message resonated. Both religious figures will be evaluated fromRead MoreThe Past Occurrences Of African Americans1202 Words   |  5 Pagesresulted in victory. Slave revolts, pleas for emancipation, and bids for equal rights were never initially successful when they involved violence. Each early attempt failed quite miserably, however, those who persevered learned from past failures of violent displays, and eventually found success if they were to a pproach it appropriately. From its conception, the horrific institution of slavery in the United States faced several revolts from slaves. From its conception, they were bound to do so. AfricanRead MoreMartin Luther King Jr.’s Letter from Birmingham Jail Essay1266 Words   |  6 PagesPower Analysis: Martin Luther King Jr.’s Letter from Birmingham Jail A statement from eight white clergymen from Alabama prompted Martin Luther King’s â€Å"Letter From Birmingham Jail†. This statement criticized Kings actions of non-violent protests against racial segregation and the injustice of unequal civil rights in America (Carpenter elt al.). The eight clergymen considered Birmingham to be â€Å"their† town and King was disrupting the â€Å"Law and Order and Common Sense† established in coping with racialRead MoreThe Role Of A Liberal State1363 Words   |  6 PagesThe republic should also protect the equality of citizens and have a government with separation of powers and representation. This is an idealistic expectation for a democracy and it is fitting with the liberal theoretical paradigm to expect all citizens to be fairly represented and equal under the law. However, circumstances in many modern states make it impossible for this to happen, but Liberal states still do business with these states with little th reat of war as long as they have influenceRead MoreCivil Rights Movement and Black Nationalism Essay1210 Words   |  5 PagesEnglish 1302.044 March 3, 2000 Militant and Violent Acts of the Civil Rights Movement and Black Nationalism The rights of African-Americans have been violated since they were brought over to America as slaves in the late 1600s to the land of the free. Great political gains for African-Americans were made in the 1960s such as the right to vote without paying. Still, many African Americans were dissatisfied with their economic situation, so they reacted with violence in the form of riots. OtherRead MoreDr. Martin Luther King Jr., A Political Icon Essay1441 Words   |  6 Pagesthis inimitable position. One of the great figures in the march of human history, Martin Luther King Jr., like Gandhi before him, lived by a heroic credo of non-violence. More than two decades since his death, Martin Luther King ideas; his call for racial equality, his faith in the ultimate triumph of justice, and his insistence on the power of nonviolent struggle to bring about a major transformation of American society- are as vital and timely as ever. Many seek a leader that can provide assurance

International Policing free essay sample

What is the usefulness of the Structure-Agency Debate in the understanding and policing of global terrorist threat? Use concrete examples to develop your discussion.The main purpose of this essay is to discuss the usefulness of the Structure-Agency debate in the understanding and policing of the global terrorist threat. Concrete examples would also be used to develop the discussion. The essay will start by defining the key terms as used in the question. Secondly it will discuss the usefulness of the Structure-Agency debate in the understanding and policing of global terrorist threat using concrete examples. A conclusion would then be drawn from the aforementioned points.DEFINITION OF KEY TERMSAccording to Huystteen (2003) structure is a multifaceted framework which makes up society including all institutions, groups, etc where human beings interrelate and engage with each other. Agency on the other hand is defined as the ability of individuals to make autonomous decisions as well as their ability to put these actions and plans into motion (Huystteen, 2003). Some sociological theorists believe that social structure and agency complement each other in such a way that social structure influences actions of individuals and individuals can similarly influence social structure with their activities (Stones, 2009). Structure-Agency debate as such is defined as the debate between social factors and individuals and how these social factors influence individuals decision making and to the extent it does (Giddens, 1984). The Structure-Agency debate asks the question whether individuals are free to act as they please or if their actions and plans are shaped and governed by the social structures in place. Some structuralists as such argue that individuals determine their attitudes and actions while others argue that structure and agency are jointly dependent rather than opposed (McLennan, 1984). This is where the debate arises.Terrorism is defined in the Global Terrorism Database as the threatened or actual use of illegal force and violence by non state actors, in order to attain a political, economic, religious, or social goal through fear, coercion, or intimidation (LaFree, 2012). Global terrorist threat as such means the threatened or actual use of violence or force by individuals or groups direct ed towards the government, the civilian population or any segment thereof, intended to instil fear as well as coercing other to change views (Lafree, 2012).THE USEFULNESS OF STRUCTURE-AGENCY DEBATE IN UNDERSTANDING AND POLICING GLOBAL TERRORIST THREATThe agency approach of structure-Agency debate expresses that individuals actions or deeds can be clasped not classes and as such structural forces are not seen as real. This then entails that the different classes that exist in the society cannot be looked at to explain the behaviour of individuals. Giddens (1984) proposes that an actor is an embodied unit that carries causal powers and as such may choose to interfere or not interfere in ongoing sequence of events in the world thus tying the agency approach to power. This then suggests that individuals make rational and independent decisions whether to take part in terrorism activities or not. These individuals have the ability to resist or agree to intervene in the terrorist threats across the globe (Bryant, 1992).This point from the agency approach is useful in the understanding of global terrorist threat because it addresses why some people engage in terrorism and why others do not. A person or an individual according to this agency approach can choose to act otherwise as opposed to engaging in terrorism. This essentially means we are able to understand why certain individual may choose not to j oin or assist the terrorist groups and why others will choose to assist and or join terrorist groups to perform acts of terror across the world (Thiel, 2009). This is because the agency approach proposes that individual makes rational decisions to execute their actions and plans.The idea that people choose to engage in terrorism and not to can also be useful in policing terrorism because it may depict the kind of punishments to be afforded to those individuals who intentionally indulge in global terrorist threat and those who are coerced into participation (Smith, 2011). For example, those individuals who choose out of their own free will to commit acts of terror such as lone wolfs terrorists can be given harsher and strict punishments as opposed to those who are forced to partake in the terrorism. This is vital because other individuals choose to commit terrorism at their own expense while others are coerced into it. They do not voluntarily agree to engage in such activities hence there is a need to ensure stricter sanctions to those who force others to participate in order to do away with the root cause of terrorism (Smith, 2011). Addit ionally this point may also be useful in policing terrorism as policing agencies can also look at the root causes i.e. unemployment issues, frustration issues, religious issues, etc that make individuals susceptible to the influence of terrorist groups and find ways that can best address those problems to avoid those individuals from being influenced into terrorism (LaFree, 2012). By addressing these root problems of individuals, the terrorist groups will not have many recruiters to enlist into their groups hence this will help reduce terrorist threat magnitude.Additionally the agency approach entails that an individual should be seen as a voluntarist to human action. Thus, by looking at an individual, what they reflect and what they tell us we can be able to analyze them (Emirbayer, 1998). Individuals as such are able to account for their actions and be aware of the reasons for their actions and the implications that their actions create. This notion of the structure agency debate is useful in understanding lone-wolf terrorists. Lone-wolf terrorists are those individual terrorists who commit acts o f terror on their own. According to Thiel (2009) lone-wolf terrorists tend to feel isolated from the rest of the society and are the most deadly group of terrorist. They usually carry terrorist activities against governments and as such government structures are usually targeted since they enacted policies or initiatives that caused the lone wolf terrorists to feel marginalised and not feel as belonging to the society (Burleigh, 2008). These terrorists are aware of their violent activities and the implications of these actions but because they feel inferior they feel they must do something about their marginalization to effect change.Moreover, terrorists tend to account for their actions by stating that the violence employed during terrorism or terrorist threat activities is essential for the achievement of social change. Terrorists as such like to use moral claims to legitimise their violent activities and attract support for their foundation from various members and institutions (Burleigh, 2008). For ex ample, terrorists like to use the idea that the violence they use for their terror activities is vital to effect change to that which they are attesting to.This information can be used in policing global terrorist threat as the law enforcement agencies will know why these terrorist groups use force and the extent of the force used that is necessary to effect change. This information about individuals accounting for their actions will help to come with the policing strategies that can best address those moral claims more especially by state-counter terrorism and the policing agencies employed to police terrorist groups (Richardson, 2006). For example, the United Kingdom have implemented the use of targeting hardening activities such as stop and searches and screening practices to individuals suspected to be terrorists or in possession of materials that may be used in terrorist activities such as ammunition, etc. Additionally, Sageman (2004) the surveillance and intelligence mining operations have also been utilized to monitor, capture and subvert potential terrorists hence fighting against global terrorist threats.The structuralist approach of the structure agency debate tends to focus on social structures in place that influences individuals behavior. This approach recognizes that there are explicit conditions that are prevalent in the society which produces and encourages human actions and behavior (Radcliffe-Brown, 1940). This approach shifts the ultimate reality from the human actor and instead focuses on the situated human actor. Thus, individuals in this approach are not believed to be acting on their own free will but instead as a result of the inequalities that restrict their agency and the constraints and structures in which they exist (Lopez, 2000). Structure present the social world as a world with norms, rules and beliefs pertaining to age ,gender, class and ones cultural identity and as such the inequalities that exist in this social structure restrict individuals action in terms of nationality, geographical location and class. Thus, according to Barnes (2001) individual behaviour in this approach is explained as a product of structural factors.This is useful in the understanding of global terrorist threat since in such a way that through this approach we explain the action of terrorism through the structure or the context in which it takes place. Thus terrorism should be understood as violent activities that are carried out to demand an action or a response from the government regarding a certain issue that the terrorist groups are aiming to achieve (Rosenfeld, 2004). Consequently terrorism in this essence takes place in this context to demand an effect or a change from the governments and as such governments after terroris t attacks should be seen doing something to address the motive for the terrorist threat or attack. Terrorist attacks and terrorist threats should as such provoke fear among those subjected to it and provoke action as a result (Sageman, 2004).Terrorist groups are unique organizations with unique motives advocating for different change. Terrorists as such are divided into different typologies based on their motivation. Some terrorists group are rationally motivated in that they consider their goals and possible consequences of their actions (Rosenfeld, 2004). Some are psychologically motivated and as such they feel inadequate hence seek revenge. Some are culturally motivated in such a way that they fear damage to their way of life. They are mostly often associated with religion. Thus terrorism takes place in this case because individuals or the terrorists feel restricted by the structures in place. The terrorist threats according to Richardson (2006) as such are directed to governments and or structures or segments that came up with the objectives that go against the terrorist population and or the population at large (that which they effecting change for). The actions of terror therefore respond to the structures of dissatisfaction in which individuals have been situated.This is useful in policing global terrorist threats as it explains why individuals first and foremost engage in terrorist. By understanding why terrorism occurs, what causes it, what perpetuates it, law enforcement agencies are able to come up with better strategies and purposeful strategies that can help address the problem at hand (LaFree, 2012). For example, the United Kingdom instead of using counter-terrorist policing techniques such as target hardening, surveillance, and intelligence-mining operations to police terrorist threats should also look at the structuralist approach of structure agency debate and what it says. They should not focus too much on policing terrorist groups and their behaviours but should also look at how the structures in place in the social structure influences individual actions so as to better control global terrorist threat (Hay, 1995). Countries should understand that people engage in terrorist attacks to respond to the structures in place that are constricting their goals; making them feel like they are not part of the society and those that threaten their way of life and as such the policing strategies in place should not only be directed to the individual terrorist groups behavior and actions but also be focused on the structures that exists in the society that produce and perpetuates terrorism and terror related activities. This however does not essentially mean individuals do not act without reasons but the reasons are taken in response to structures individuals have been situated in (Aston, 2012). As a result the structure agency debate proposes that the policing initiatives directed at policing global terrorist threat should be focused on tackling the social structures in place that create dissatisfaction among individuals leading to terrorism. Policy frameworks and government initiatives that are implemented in various social structures in the society should not negatively impact anyone or go against other peoples goals, way of life and make others feel like they are not part of the society so as to help reduce the use of force by aggrieved individuals in the society to instil and effect change towards those ideologies.Wrapping up, structure agency debate is useful in the understanding and policing of global terrorist threat as it allows us to acknowledge the influence of structures and agents in the global terrorist world. It is an important way of considering and analysing issues as they relate to global terrorism. The governments, civilians or any segment of the society that proposes ideas that impacts other groups negatively in the society are actors who make key decisions that lead to the violent activities that terrorists carry out. The structure agency debate is in so far useful in understanding and policing terrorism as it provides a framework within which to explain social change, thus in the case the existence of terrorism, why it occurs and how to address it. It suggests that individuals through agency can act as they please and also that social structures in place can shape and govern individuals behaviours hence influencing them to act in a certain way. And as such, the structure agency debate is useful in understanding and policing global terrorist threat as it explains why individuals act the way they do i.e. engage in terrorist activities and how the structures influence them. Furthermore, this helps in policing terrorism as governments know who they should hold responsible in various situations and who to police; whether terrorists or institutions/social structures influence individuals behaviours and actions to carry out terrorist threats depending on the causal factors of terrorism.

Juvenile Delinquency and Society Essay Example For Students

Juvenile Delinquency and Society Essay Throughout time, crime has played in an important part in the function of society. We see crime in the news everyday, in our communities, in our schools, and in some cases, even in our immediate families. Which reaches out and takes a stranglehold on the human-interest angle of the general publics mind, and makes us become enveloped in the thought processes of the modern criminal. Along these lines, the fascination with delinquent behavior and the mind of the delinquent has prompted the development of numerous theories, and the continuous, yet rigorous, study of youth behavior. But only recently has the concept of juvenile delinquency become an issue in the way crime among youth is viewed. Our society tends to hold children in special regards in most cases, and the implementation of the juvenile court system led to the development of specific theories such as neutralization, labeling, and social control theories, by people which had a first-hand interest in these juvenile delinquency cases. These theories help investigators, parents, family, peers, and the community, to better understand why our children do what they do. For years, factors such as gender, race, age, and social class, have been the dominant force in research studies to explain the juvenile delinquent and their actions (Hewitt and Regoli, 2000). The culture that exists today is different than the American culture twenty years ago, and in twenty years from now, American culture will have yet again, undergone a similar reconstruction. Trends in our daily trials and tribulations, affect how a youth will choose to live his or her own life, whether or not they choose what is right or wrong, or stray from the path of being a model citizen. These factors and how they interact with the relation of the theories of neutralization, labeling, and social control, is crucial to our situation, with fifteen year old Matt, who is of lower class status, and has seen himself involved in the theft of an automobile. To further evaluate this crime, Ill begin to apply these mentioned theories to explain this specific incident. In our example of the neutralization theory in regard to this crime, Matt has stolen a car, and when it comes time for him to pay the piper, or face the effects of his criminal act, more than likely, he will use some sort of neutralization technique to justify his actions. The five neutralization techniques are 1) denial or responsibility, 2) denial of injury, 3) denial of victim, 4) Condemnations of condemners, and 5) appeal to a higher loyalty (Hewitt and Regoli, 2000). As a delinquent youth, Matt comes from a lower class family, therefore, he could state that he stole the car because he needed it more than the owner. He could also state that his crime was committed just for fun. By doing this, Matt is using a very common aspect of this theory otherwise known as, a technique of neutralization (Hewitt and Regoli, 2000). Matt could very well assert that since he is a juvenile he is not going to held responsible for his actions, that the act may be ignored in the American justice system, though he is forgetting about the juvenile court system. The next technique he could use would involve the denial or injury, although it is still deemed a criminal act, no one was hurt in the actual crime. The delinquent neutralizes the crime by using such techniques as an explanation that can allow for exceptions to be made (Shields and Whitehall, 1994). To apply the fourth neutralization technique to this crime, Matt could possibly blame his parents or friends for his behavior. By placing the blame or cause for the crime on someone else, Matt is able to compare his behavior to that of the person that is reprimanding him, along with whatever positive or negative influence they may have. In further defense of his criminal act, Matt is also susceptible to the fifth neutralization technique, which would allow him to ma ke his act seem somewhat appropriate by stating, for example, that his family needed the car to take a sick family member to the hospital. .ua48117384ee89dcc50aac31294afdb04 , .ua48117384ee89dcc50aac31294afdb04 .postImageUrl , .ua48117384ee89dcc50aac31294afdb04 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ua48117384ee89dcc50aac31294afdb04 , .ua48117384ee89dcc50aac31294afdb04:hover , .ua48117384ee89dcc50aac31294afdb04:visited , .ua48117384ee89dcc50aac31294afdb04:active { border:0!important; } .ua48117384ee89dcc50aac31294afdb04 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ua48117384ee89dcc50aac31294afdb04 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ua48117384ee89dcc50aac31294afdb04:active , .ua48117384ee89dcc50aac31294afdb04:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ua48117384ee89dcc50aac31294afdb04 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ua48117384ee89dcc50aac31294afdb04 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ua48117384ee89dcc50aac31294afdb04 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ua48117384ee89dcc50aac31294afdb04 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ua48117384ee89dcc50aac31294afdb04:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ua48117384ee89dcc50aac31294afdb04 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ua48117384ee89dcc50aac31294afdb04 .ua48117384ee89dcc50aac31294afdb04-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ua48117384ee89dcc50aac31294afdb04:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Waleed Allohabi Essay Any one thing that Matt could .

The Five Pillars of Islam

The Muslim religion is based on Five Pillars of Islam. These are basic values and principles which influence the notion, actions and morals of the faith. Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Five Pillars of Islam specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Every Muslim adherent is bound by the Five Pillars of Islam to uphold his or her devotion to the Islamic faith. Devout Muslims are required toask for forgiveness for their wrongdoings in order to secure their place in heaven or Jannah. The five tenets of Islam guide the faithful not to waver in their obedience to Allah. Muslims maintain deep honor for the existence of God, who they believe exists in all the aspects of their life. The religion harbors a profound belief that every individual has a unique natural destiny that is presented to a person by God, thus it is He whogives something to a human. This implies that everything that Muslims own belongs to God. The first tenet of Islam is Shahada. Shahada means Allah who is the most superior God. He reaches out to the faithful Muslim through Muhammad (Henderson 63-64). This term invokedby Muslims is a constant reminder that only Allah should be worshipped.Moreover, He is the supreme deity with the ability and liberty to act at will. This status lends credence to His commandments stated in the Koran. Shahada impliesthat the Christian principleswhich recognize God as the most powerful entity are false.All other religious powers, such as pantheism, are equally obsolete. Muslims believe that Prophet Muhammad is holy because, through him, Allah communicated significant revelationsto the faithful (Khan 13-14). The second Islamic pillar is Salat or prayer. This tenet involves profession of wrongdoings. The profession process begins with the cleansing of oneself and spirit. Prayer is undertaken five times every day, from dawn to dusk. There are five prayers that fallunder Salat are Fajr, Shurooq, Asr, Dhu hr, Isha and Maghrib. The prayer which Muslims say at sunset is referred to as the Maghrib while Isha comes later in the evening. All the prayers act as a constant reminder of the significance of Allah and his omnipresence among and within the Muslim faithful. Advertising Looking for essay on religion theology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The third pillar is fasting or Saum. Fasting is a significant tenet of the Islamic faith, which puts all the faithful at the same level of the sacrifice as those who do not have food. The month of Ramadan witnesses Muslims of all the social stratasacrifice the basic need and food. Saumis to help Muslims to seek answers for their questionsfrom Allah. In most cases, the fasting process does not involve any form of ingestion or sexual activity during the daytime hours of the holy month (Henderson 62-67). The fourth pillar is Charity or Zakat. Giving alms is an important facet of the Islamic faith. Muslims advocate and practice philanthropy. Charity benefits the underprivileged members of the society and enables the donor to make tremendous steps towards devoutness and obedience to Allah as He believes in generosity. Muslims consider donations as a way of appreciating God’s help. The final Pillar of Islam is Pilgrimage or Hajj. The Muslim pilgrimage is normally held in Mecca where all thefinancially stable faithful tender their financial sacrifice as a way of appreciating God’s love and blessing. Muslims are required by the Koran to set the pilgrimage date during the first two weeks of the final month of a lunar year. The Five Pillars of Islam are used to emphasize unity among the faithful and act in one voice (Khan 12-14). Conclusion In general, all the Five Pillars of Islam dictate the activities and operations of the members of the religion. Shahada and Pilgrimage facets are eminently based on individual actions, although the first Islamic tenet requi res community service or appreciation of Ummato some extent. The remaining pillars, such as prayers, fasting and giving away alms, are a manifestation of Allah’s love andinclusiveness. The pillars inspire activities undertaken in unity by the faithful to improve the status of the less fortunate followers. The community features prominently in relatively all the aspects of the Islamic religious conviction. Through the Five Pillars, Muslims believe in and strive to present their religion in the form of a complete culture rather than just a spiritual entity. Works Cited Henderson, Shirley. Journey to Allah. Ebony, 65.4 (2010): 62-67. Print. Khan, Daisy. The Five Pillars of Islam. Appleseeds, 6.3 (2003): 12-14. Print.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Five Pillars of Islam specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This essay on The Five Pillars of Islam was written and submitted by user Giant Man to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here. The five pillars of Islam

PRAXIS Source Based Essay Sample

PRAXIS Source Based Essay SamplePRAXIS SCORE is the benchmarking system that PRAXIS uses to grade every student's essay, and by far, the most popular PRAXIS Source Based Essay Sample is the one used in the college application essay. That said, students may wonder why a PRAXIS source based essay is the one they want to use. It has a few benefits that other sources do not, but are very different than the things they have advantages over. Here is an overview of some of those benefits.The biggest benefit is that the PRAXIS essay is generally easier than most of the other essay formats. As a general rule, students will generally find that this is true, as long as they choose the essay for which they will be reviewing to be easy. Students will also typically find that the PRAXIS based essay sample is quite unique from other sources, which can help to make it easier to learn.Another benefit of the PRAXIS Source Based Essay Sample is that the format allows for more flexibility than any other format. Most students will find that it is possible to rewrite parts of the essay without too much difficulty, as the template has been written to allow for that type of revision. Other sources require more changes, which can be difficult for students to handle without some prior writing experience.One of the biggest problems with other essay formats is that students often find that they cannot follow the style and structure of the essay because they cannot edit the source material correctly. That said, a PRAXIS source based essay is quite different in that respect. The template is well laid out to ensure that the essay flows correctly, and only then can the student learn how to read the source material without having to modify it.There is an advantage to having the essay researched for you. With most essaysoftware, the material that you get back is a work in progress, which means that you do not know exactly what your essay will look like. In addition, the PRAXIS source based essa y is usually far more polished than many of the sources that students will typically use for essays.Finally, students do not need to have any experience writing essays. Because the PRAXIS source based essay is very straightforward, and students rarely need to adjust the source material to the style or structure of the essay, they will have little trouble. They can easily look at the source material and learn how to write it without having to worry about making corrections later on.Students will find that the best way to prepare for an essay, whether it is going to be used for an interview or an examiner's guide, is to do a research search on the subject matter. While this type of research will not guarantee that students will receive high grades on the essay, it will ensure that the student will have a higher success rate on the exam.As a conclusion, students should look at the PRAXIS Source Based Essay Sample to determine if it is the best one for them. The advantages listed above should encourage them to use it in their essays, as well as giving them the ability to review the material and make necessary changes as they need to.

Female Students in Sports Sociology Essay

Female Students in Sports Sociology Essay The Lack of High School Female Students in Sports Sociology Essay The Lack of High School Female Students in Sports Sociology Essay The Social Factors Which Contribute to the Lack of High School Female Students in Sports In the United States, organized sports activities constitute a crucial part of high school life, particularly for male students. However, the situation is not the same for female high school students who have been historically sidelined in sporting activities at the high school levels (Arzu, Tuzun, Eker, 2006). In an attempt to ensure equality with respect to the access to all institutional activities, including sports, the Title IX of the 1972 Educational Amendments was passed. It has played a crucial role in ensuring that female students would also be involved into sports activities (United States Department of Justice, 2012). Before the passage of Title IX legislation, female students were mainly involved in the cheering of their male counterparts. However, the passage of the law helped in ensuring actual female participation in the field. Despite the significant efforts adopted at the policy level aimed at improving female students’ participation in sports activities at v arious institutional levels, equality in sports participation between male and female students is an issue that still has to be realized. It is evident by the under-representation of female students in all sports activities at all institutional levels (Cozby, 2012). Title IX greatly emphasizes the structural mechanisms that institutions can implement in order to ensure equal participation in sports between female and male students. Nevertheless, such structural measures tend to be ineffective when not used in combination with other measures that deal with the social barriers to participation in sports (Gratton Jones, 2010). Underrepresentation of female students in sports stems from the fact that the ratio of male students taking part in sports to the overall male student population has been consistently higher than the ratio of female students participating in sports to the overall female student population. To this end, there is the need to have an understanding of the factors th at hinder and promote female students’ participation in sports activities at various institutional levels. The proposed study seeks to explore the social factors contributing to lack of participation in sports by high school female students. Statement of the Problem The specific research problem to investigation relates to the social factors that contribute to lack of female participation. Various studies have tried to outline the issue of sports participation. However, few of them have focused specifically on social factors, especially for young females (Coleman, Cox, Roker, 2008; Craike, Symons, Zimmermann, 2009). Moreover, a majority of studies on sports participation and the factors that influence the process have utilized structured quantitative approaches, which are deemed effective only when describing phenomenon rather than exploring it. Therefore, there is a need to make use of unstructured qualitative approach in order to develop a comprehensive list of social factors influencing female participation in sports (Dagkas, Benn, Jawad, 2011). Knowledge gained from current research will supplement the existing information regarding social factors that influence female participation in sports. Moreover, the findings from the proposed rese arch will be helpful in formulating measures that can be used to improve female participation in sports activities. Purpose of the Study The proposed qualitative grounded theory seeks to explore the social factors contributing to lack of female high school students’ participation in sports activities. In this respect, the proposed study will gather the views of female students having varying levels of sports participation in order to ascertain the social factors that either encourage or discourage them from participating in sports activities. The proposed study also seeks to explore the reasons for participating or lack thereof, as well as the ways that can be used in encouraging female students to participate in sports. In addition, despite the fact that participation in sports by female students has received considerable attention in literature, relatively few studies have tried to address the social factors at the individual level that encourage or discourage female students from participating in sports. Therefore, the proposed study seeks to address such gap in literature. Research Questions 1.What are the experiences and motivations that female high schools associated with participation in sports? The focus of current research question is on the manner in which female students describe and perceive sports, including their experiences associated with it. In addition, emphasis is placed on the factors that encourage or discourage participation in sports. The differences in the perceptions, experiences and motivations among female students with varying levels of sports participation will be reported. It will be helpful in ascertaining which perceptions and experiences associated with high levels of sports participation and vice versa. 2. How to transitions in high school affect participation in sports among female students? Current research question emphasizes on the key transitions that take place in the lives of female high school students, and how they affect the level of participation in sports events. Some of the transitions that may influence the female high school students include the progression to higher grades and transition to young adulthood among others (Hassandra, Goudas, Chroni, 2003). In order to answer the question whether such transitions encourage or discourage participation in sports, it is necessary other potential transitions. They include the developmental challenges associated with adolescence, including how they affect participation in sports (Hsu, et al., 2011). 3. What are the environment factors affecting participation in sports among female high school students? Current research question emphasizes on the environmental factors that may influence participation in sports among young female students in high school. Environmental factors relate to the descriptions that participants will provide regarding the school and their area of residence. Some of the environmental factors that will be investigated in the proposed research include the availability and accessibility of sports facilities in school and within the community, opportunities to participate in sports and perceptions regarding the nature of sports facilities among others (Eime, Payne, Casey, Harvey, 2010). 4. What are the social factors that influence participation in sports among female high school students? Current research question places emphasis on the social factors that influence participation in sports among young female students. The scope of social factors is diverse and will comprise of such factors as gender influences, influence of peer grouping, socioeconomic status (Dollman Lewis, 2010), influence of culture, influence of religion and family background among others. Specifically, the study will try to delineate the social factors that are associated with low levels of participation in sports. 5. What are the psychological factors that influence participation in sports among female high school students? Above-given research question will emphasize on the psychological factors influencing participation in sports among young female students. Some of the psychological factors that will be explored in the proposed study will include the perceived competence and ability in sports, self-motivation to participate in sports and personal effort and commitment to participate in sports (Kurc Leatherdale, 2009). Theoretical Perspectives on Gender Inequality in Sports Participation A number of theoretical perspectives have been used in explaining gender disparity in sports participation, which include male dominance, masculinity and influence of religion on women. With respect to male dominance, lack of female participation in sports has been attributed to a patriarchal system characterized by males having power, exercising authority, dominating leadership roles and exercising authority over women and children (Eitzen, 2012). In the context of sports, male dominance is manifested through men managing and controlling almost all sports organizations across the globe, including the United States. In addition, male dominance is evidenced by the relatively small percentage of women in decision-making positions in sports organizations and institutions when compared to men. Essentially, sports is perceived to perpetuate the already existing dominance in other aspects of society. Masculinity adopts a different view in trying to explain lack of female participation in s ports by suggesting that sports is perceived to be a masculine activity. Therefore, women are considered intruders. In this regard, women trying to participate in sports may face institutional and ideological barriers that diminish their desire to participate in sports events (Eitzen, 2012). O’Reilly (2012) suggested that the fact that sports is considered to be an activity that allows men to show their masculine competency implies that women have no place in sports. It is similar with activities considered feminine, where males have no place. Therefore, the masculine-feminine dichotomy can be used in explaining lack of female participation in sports (OReilly, 2012). The influence of religion on women has also been used in explaining low level of female participation in sports, particular for Muslim women. In this regard, Islamic concerns associated with modesty and body culture explains such tendency among Muslim women and girls (Benn, Pfister, Jawad, 2010). Sports particip ation among Muslim women is limited by sportswear, which is considered revealing in Muslim world. The influence of religion on female sports participation is evident by the fact that Arab countries have the lowest female representation in sports when compared to countries from other countries (Benn, Pfister, Jawad, 2010). Despite the fact that such three theoretical perspectives can be based on different explanations, they all comprise of social factors that warrant investigation with respect to how they influence sports participation among young females. Empirical Research on Factors Influencing Sports Participation The issue of sports participation has been vastly explored in literature by various authors. One of the factors reported in literature that influences sports participation among both girls and boys relates to perceived image associated with sports (Casey, Eime, Payne, Harvey, 2009; Dollman Lewis, 2010; Grubbs Carter, 2002; Murphy, Dionigi, Litchfield, 2014). In this regard, Casey et al (2009) reported that girls in grade 7 are positively influenced by sports and physical activities. Another study by Kurc Leatherdale (2009) also reported that sports activities are perceived by students as fun, resulting in high rates of sports participation among both male and female students. In another study, Coleman, Cox and Roker (2008) reported significant differences in terms of images and perceptions towards sports among female students with different levels of sports participation. Specifically, the authors reported that female students having high levels of sports participation had posit ive perceptions regarding sports in general, whereas non-participants had negative perceptions of it. The competitive nature of sports has also been identified as a barrier to sports participation among Australian students. Specifically, female students reported significant differences regarding their perceptions about the competitive nature of sports, which hindered their participation (Murphy, Dionigi, Litchfield, 2014). The authors also reported that the competitive nature of sports reduces the perceived level of fun associated with it. Regarding the image of sports, it can be inferred that sports activities perceived to be fun and positive images and experiences associated with sports are facilitators of sports participation. However, the competitive nature of sports activities acts as a barrier that prevents young people from participating in it. The role of social support in influencing sports participation has also been affirmed by various studies. In this respect, various aspects of social support have been explored, including social relationships with friend, family, peers and role models among others. For instance, Casey et al. (2009) found that support from friends, teachers and family influenced the decision made by rural adolescent girls to participate in sports and physical activities. In another study by GÃ ³mez-LÃ ³pez, Gallegos, Extremera (2010) inadequate social support was identified as a barrier to sports participation among university students. The findings of GÃ ³mez-LÃ ³pez, Gallegos and Extremera were also consistent with the findings reported by Hsu, et al. (2011) who found that support from friends and family is a significant predictor of participation in sports and physical activity. In addition, lack of family support has been cited by students as one of the primary barriers to sports participation (Kelishadi, Hosseini, Mirmoghtadaee, Mansouri, Poursafa, 2010). Another study by Kurc and Leatherdale (2009) explored the relationship between social support and levels of participation in sports and physical activities and showed that male and female students having low social support were less likely to participate in sports and physical activities when compared to students having higher social support. Other studies that have identified lack of family support as a barrier to sports participation include the works of Shields, Synnot, Barr (2012) and Yungblut, Schinke, McGannon (2012). The role of the family, besides social support, is also crucial in influencing participation in sports and physical activities. Various studies have investigated the effect of different family aspects in influencing sports participation. For instance, it has been found that having active parents and siblings is positively associated with sports participation among young people. In addition, family encouragement and family members’ physical activities behavior have been reported to be predictors of participation in sports (Hassandra, Goudas, Chroni, 2003). On the other hand, discouragement from family members negatively influences sports participation among young people (Lovell, El Ansari, Parker, 2010). The significant role that fathers play in influencing sports participation has been emphasized in literature. In addition, the nature and level of participation in sports is usually influenced by the beliefs and expectations of parents, particularly fathers. Despite the fact that most studies acknowledge the crucial role that fathers play, Ullrich-French Smith (2009) found out that the relationship with mother played much greater role in continued participation in soccer among boys aged between 10 and 14 years. The crucial role that the family plays in influencing sports participation was discredited by Thompson et al. (2010). They found that the family is an insignificant factor with respect to influencing participation in sports. It is mostly attributed to such factors as different interests and ages of children and adults, busy lifestyle, transportation problems, inadequate money to support family physical activity, bad weather and facilities being inaccessible. Among Muslim girls, parental influence has been cited as one of the primary obstacles to sports participation, especially among girls (Dagkas, Benn, Jawad, 2011). Other parent-related barriers to sports participation include unhealthy parental modelling and poor parent relationship (Casper, Bocarro, Kanters, Floyd, 2011). The socializing nature of sports has also been reported as a crucial factor for sports participation in various studies. For instance, Craike, Symons and Zimmermann (2009) found out that making sports appealing to the socializing needs of women plays an important role in increasing sports participation. In addition, Eime, Payne, Casey, Harvey (2010) revealed that women who participate in sports are mainly motivated by the need for social interaction. Therefore, the authors conclude that socialization plays a crucial role in influencing sports participation. In another study by Jamalis and Fauzee (2007), the findings indicated that majority of students who take part in after-school activities were mainly motivated by the need to socialize with friends. Socioeconomic position is another factor that has been found to influence participation in sports among young people. Casper, et al. (2011) explored the relationship between socioeconomic status and participation in sports among young people in middle school, and found that more constraints to sports participation were reported among lower socioeconomic status students, girls and Latinos who did not participate in sports. In another study by Dollman Lewis (2010) to investigate the relationship between socioeconomic position and the level of participation in sports and physical activities among young South Australians aged 10-15 years, it was found that students from high socioeconomic positions reported higher participation in organized sports compared to low socioeconomic position students. In addition, low socioeconomic position girls had lower parental support to participate in sports and physical activities. Cultural influence as a barrier to sports participation has also been investigated in literature. With respect to this, Araki, Kodani and Gupta (2013) studied the meanings and understandings that various cultures associate with sports. The authors found that culture had a profound impact on the motivation to take part in sports and physical activities, as well as the experiences associated with them. Another study by Hassandra, Goudas, Chroni (2003) reported cultural values as one of the socio-environmental factors that influence participation in sports and physical activities. In a study by Kahan (2009) to determine the correlates, types and level of physical activity and sports participation among university students of Middle Eastern origin, it was found the level of sports participation was influenced significantly by religion and the level of acculturation to the American culture. Specifically, the study reported that highly acculturated and moderately religious individuals wer e more likely to participate in sports. A number of socio-environmental factors influencing sports participation have also been explored in literature. They include social preconceptions, cultural values, participation in community sports and physical activities and availability of sports facilities in schools. Apart from the socio-environmental factors that influence sports participation, studies have also reported a number of individual factors that influence the level of sports participation, which include students’ perceived competence in sports (Craike, Symons, Zimmermann, 2009), goal orientation and physical appearance, personal choice and motivation to participate in sports (Eime, Payne, Casey, Harvey, 2010), and self-esteem (Markowitz, 2012). A positive association exists between self-esteem and the levels of sports participation (Markowitz, 2012). As Markowitz explains, despite the fact that sports participation helps in building one’s self-esteem, a reciprocal relationship exists between them in t he sense that self-esteem is a determinant of sports participation. Specifically, students having lower self-esteem are likely to report lower levels of sports participation when compared to students having high self-esteem. Despite the fact that the issue of sports participation is vastly explored in literature, little attention has been directed towards the social barriers that influence sports participation among women. In addition, most studies have used structured quantitative measures, which are only effective in describing phenomena rather than exploring it. As a result, there is a need to use unstructured qualitative methods in understanding the topic of interest. Research Method The proposed study is primarily explorative, which justifies the use of a qualitative approach in addressing the research problem. The study places an emphasis on gathering detailed information to help understand human behavior, including factors that determine human behaviors. In this case, such method relates to the female students’ decision on whether to participate in sports or not. The explorative nature of proposed research is the main reason for preferring a qualitative approach to a quantitative one that is mainly used in confirmatory research (Creswell, 2011). According to Daymon and Holloway (2010), confirmatory research focuses on determining the relationships between variables using statistical techniques. Anyway, it cannot be applied to the proposed study, which focuses on exploring the social factors contributing to lack of participation in sports among female high school students instead of determining the relationships that may exist between the identified soci al factors. In addition, the qualitative approach was deemed suitable for the proposed study because it will not utilize a tentative hypothesis to be evaluated. On contrary, the study will utilize open research questions, which means that the researcher anticipates the discovery of new insights in the course of the research. The proposed study is flexible, which makes it inappropriate for quantitative research (Daymon Holloway, 2010). The specific qualitative design that will be employed in the proposed study is grounded theory. Silverman (2013) points out that the grounded theory is a research tool that seeks to help the researcher in exploring and conceptualizing social patterns about a topic that is under investigation. Moreover, grounded theory seeks to help the researcher in developing theory about the topic being studied (Nardi, 2003), which in the context of the proposed study is the factor that hinders female high school students from participating in sports. By employing grounded theory, the proposed research study seeks to develop a conceptual model that can be utilized in having a detailed understanding of the factors that affect the decision made by female high school students on whether to participate in sports or not. Data Collection and Analysis Data for the proposed research will be collected using semi-structured interviews (Silverman, 2013). In this respect, the researcher will conduct interviews to a point at which no new information can be received. The semi-structured interviews will be guided by an interview protocol, which focuses mainly on the social factors that influence the behaviors and attitudes of female high school students towards level, reasons and ways that can be used in encouraging sports participation among female high school students. All the interview sessions will be recorded upon the consent of participants. In addition, the recorded interviews will be transcribed verbatim. After that, thematic content analysis will be used to process the transcribed qualitative data. The proposed qualitative grounded theory research seeks to explore the factors that discourage female students from participating in sports. Data will be gathered using semi-structured interviews, which will be transcribed and analyzed using thematic content analysis. The findings presented by the proposed research will be helpful in understanding why female high school students refrain from participating in sports events.